AK-1.11: Difference between revisions

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{{inscription
{{inscription
|reading=)nuale!????]ẹ?ḳer·(a)ṇu·aḷe kas?
|reading=)nuale!????]ẹ?ḳer·(a)ṇu·aḷe kas?
|reading_original={{c|E||d}}?{{c|K|K3|d}}{{c|E||d}}{{c|R|R2|d}}{{c|punctuation|punctuation7|d}}{{c|A|A19|d}}<span style="margin-left:4px">{{c|U|U5|d}}</span>{{c|punctuation|punctuation7|d}}{{c|A|A19|d}}{{c|L||d}}{{c|E||d}}{{c|K|K4|d}}{{c|A|A19|d}}{{c|S|S2|d}}?<br>{{c|E||d}}?{{c|K|K3|d}}{{c|E||d}}{{c|R|R2|d}}{{c|punctuation|punctuation7|d}}{{c|A|A19|d}}<span style="margin-left:4px">{{c|U|U5|d}}</span>{{c|punctuation|punctuation7|d}}{{c|A|A19|d}}{{c|L|L4|d}}{{c|E||d}}{{c|K|K4|d}}{{c|A|A19|d}}{{c|S|S2|d}}?
|reading_original={{c|E||d}}?{{c|K|K3|d}}{{c|E||d}}{{c|R|R2|d}}{{c|punctuation|punctuation7|d}}{{c|A|A14|d}}<span style="margin-left:4px">{{c|U|U5|d}}</span>{{c|punctuation|punctuation7|d}}{{c|A|A14|d}}{{c|L||d}}{{c|E||d}}{{c|K|K4|d}}{{c|A|A14|d}}{{c|S|S2|d}}?<br>{{c|E||d}}?{{c|K|K3|d}}{{c|E||d}}{{c|R|R2|d}}{{c|punctuation|punctuation7|d}}{{c|A|A14|d}}<span style="margin-left:4px">{{c|U|U5|d}}</span>{{c|punctuation|punctuation7|d}}{{c|A|A14|d}}{{c|L|L4|d}}{{c|E||d}}{{c|K|K4|d}}{{c|A|A14|d}}{{c|S|S2|d}}?
|direction=dextroverse
|direction=dextroverse
|letter_height_min=9 cm
|letter_height_min=9 cm
|letter_number_min=14
|letter_number_min=14
|sign_number=16
|sign_number=16
|word_number=0
|line_number=1
|line_number=1
|script=North Italic script
|script=North Italic script
|alphabet=Magrè alphabet
|language=Raetic
|language=Raetic
|meaning=unknown
|meaning=unknown
|object=AK-1 rock
|object=AK-1 rock
|position=centre, lower area
|position=bottom, right
|orientation=90
|orientation=90
|craftsmanship=engraved
|craftsmanship=engraved
|condition=damaged
|condition=damaged
|culture_archaeological=La Tène
|type_inscription=prob. votive
|sortdate=-250
|sigla_tm=653503
|date=5th–1st centuries BC
|checklevel=0
|checklevel=0
|disambiguation=AK-1
|disambiguation=AK-1
}}
}}
== Commentary ==
== Commentary ==
Not previously published. Autopsied by TIR in July 2014.
Not previously published. Examined by TIR in July 2014.


Image in {{bib|Mandl 2011}}: Abb. 141 (photo). Photo of the entire rock wall in {{bib|Mandl 2011}}: Abb. 136.
Image in {{bib|Mandl 2011}}: Abb. 141 (photo).


Length min. 46 cm, starting at about 60 cm from the ground, running vertically upwards, to the immediate right of [[index::AK-1.10]]. The best utilisable of the inscriptions in Bildstelle 4.
Length min. 46 cm, starting at about 60 cm from the ground, running vertically upwards, to the immediate right of [[index::AK-1.10]]; the best preserved of the inscriptions in Bildstelle 4.


Traces of about four characters (the last possibly {{c||A19|d}}?) before tentative {{c||E|d}}, the exact localisation of whose bars is dubious. After this, an angle in the lower area, possibly of {{c||S2|d}}. Then probably {{c||K3|d}}; {{c||E|d}}{{c||R2|d}} is well legible. Next, a clearly visible separator, followed by {{c||A19|d}} with very faint bar (but see below). After a narrow lacuna, {{c||U5|d}} and another separator. {{c||A19|d}}{{c||L|d}}{{c||E|d}} is unproblematic (but see below), {{c||K3|d}}{{c||A19|d}} more doubtful. After {{c||S2|d}}, a hasta, then a curved crack. At about 10 cm beyond the crack, potential traces of more characters, but not quite in line with the row of letters described – the inscription probably ends at the crack.
Traces of about four characters (the last possibly {{c||A14|d}}?) before tentative {{c||E|d}}, the exact localisation of whose bars is uncertain. After this, an angle in the lower area, possibly of {{c||S2|d}}. Then probably {{c||K3|d}}; {{c||E|d}}{{c||R2|d}} is well legible. Next, a clearly visible separator, followed by {{c||A14|d}} with very faint bar (but see below). After a narrow lacuna, {{c||U5|d}} and another separator. {{c||A14|d}}{{c||L|d}}{{c||E|d}} is unproblematic (but see below), {{c||K3|d}}{{c||A14|d}} more doubtful. After {{c||S2|d}}, a hasta, then a curved crack. At about 10 cm beyond the crack, potential traces of more characters, but not quite in line with the row of letters described – the inscription probably ends at the crack.


The sequence {{c||punctuation7|d}}{{c||A19|d}}<span style="margin-left:4px">{{c|U|U5|d}}</span>{{c||punctuation7|d}}{{c||A19|d}}{{c||L|d}}{{c||E|d}} in the middle of an inscription is strongly reminiscent of the [[index::Steinberg]] rock inscriptions [[index::ST-5]] and [[index::ST-6]], which feature the suffix syntagma {{m||-nu}}{{m||-(a)le|-ale}} written with the first element separated by short medial scratches and written in ligature {{c||NU|d}}. No angle in the lower area before {{c||U5|d}} can be made out with any certainty, instead the small lacuna contains a round indentation, which is most probably natural (the other separators in the inscription appearing as {{c||punctuation7|d}}). In both [[index::ST-5]] and [[index::ST-6]], {{p||a}} precedes {{m||-nu}}{{m||-(a)le|-ale}}, but in [[index::ST-6]], only the element {{m||-nu}} is written between separators. Despite the lacuna it cannot be excluded that the tall chevron identified as {{c||A19|d}} by us does not feature a bar and represents the angle of {{c||N2}} in the ligature. In this case, the first separator in AK-1.11 would be inserted in accordance with its usage in [[index::ST-6]]. The letter between {{c||A19|d}} and {{c||E|d}}, here read {{p||l}}, actually appears as {{c||V|d}} with two bars. The emendation to Lambda is based on linguistic grounds, but note that in both [[index::ST-5]] and [[index::ST-6]], Lambda appears in varieties with the bar extending from the centre of the hasta. In AK-1.11, the writer may have applied one of the bars to correct a mistake; in any case, either of them might be considered the correct one, hence {{c||L|d}} vs. {{c||L4|d}}.
The sequence {{c||punctuation7|d}}{{c||A14|d}}<span style="margin-left:4px">{{c|U|U5|d}}</span>{{c||punctuation7|d}}{{c||A14|d}}{{c||L|d}}{{c||E|d}} in the middle of an inscription is strongly reminiscent of the [[index::Steinberg]] rock inscriptions [[index::ST-5]] and [[index::ST-6]], which feature the suffix syntagma {{m||-nu}}{{m||-le|-ale}} written with the first element separated by short medial puncts and written in ligature {{c||NU|d}}. In AK-1.11, no angle in the lower area before {{c||U5|d}} can be made out with any certainty, instead the small lacuna contains a round indentation, which is most probably natural (the other separators in the inscription appearing as {{c||punctuation7|d}}). In both [[index::ST-5]] and [[index::ST-6]], alpha precedes {{m||-nu}}{{m||-le|-ale}}, but in [[index::ST-6]], only the element {{m||-nu}} is written between separators. Despite the lacuna it cannot be excluded that the tall chevron identified as {{c||A14|d}} by us does not feature a bar and represents the angle of {{c||N2}} in a ligature {{c||NU|d}}. In this case, the first separator in AK-1.11 would be inserted in accordance with its usage in [[index::ST-6]]. The letter between {{c||A14|d}} and {{c||E|d}}, here read as lambda, actually appears as {{c||V|d}} with two bars. The emendation to lambda is based on linguistic grounds, but note that in both [[index::ST-5]] and [[index::ST-6]], lambda appears in different variants, with the bar extending from the centre of the hasta. In AK-1.11, the writer may have applied one of the bars to correct a mistake; in any case, either of them might be considered the correct one, hence {{c||L|d}} vs. {{c||L4|d}}. AK-1.11 is one of three type-2 petrographs on [[index::AK-1 rock|this rock wall]]; cf. [[index::AK-1.10]] and [[index::AK-1.17]]; see [[index::Raetic epigraphy]].
{{bibliography}}
{{bibliography}}

Latest revision as of 19:37, 8 November 2021

edit with form
Inscription
Transliteration: ????]ẹ?ḳer·(a)ṇu·aḷekas?
Original script: E d?K3 dE dR2 dpunctuation7 dA14 dU5 dpunctuation7 dA14 dL dE dK4 dA14 dS2 d?
E d?K3 dE dR2 dpunctuation7 dA14 dU5 dpunctuation7 dA14 dL4 dE dK4 dA14 dS2 d?
Object: AK-1 rock (stone)
(Inscriptions: AK-1.1, AK-1.2, AK-1.3, AK-1.4, AK-1.5, AK-1.6, AK-1.7, AK-1.8, AK-1.9, AK-1.10, AK-1.11, AK-1.12, AK-1.13, AK-1.14, AK-1.15, AK-1.16, AK-1.17, AK-1.18, AK-1.19, AK-1.20, AK-1.21)
Position: bottom, right
Orientation: 90°
Script: North Italic script (Magrè alphabet)
Direction of writing: dextroverse
Letter height: 9 cm
Number of letters: 14
Number of characters: 16
Number of lines: 1
Craftsmanship: engraved
Current condition: damaged
Date of inscription: unknown [from object]
Date derived from:
Type: prob. votive
Language: Raetic
Meaning: unknown
Alternative sigla: TM 653503

Images

AK-1.11
Inscription AK-1.11.
AK-1 rock - picture area 4
Object AK-1 rock - picture area 4 with inscriptions AK-1.9, AK-1.10, AK-1.11, AK-1.12, AK-1.13 and AK-1.14.
AK-1
Tracing of inscriptions on AK-1 rock.
AK-1.11
Inscription AK-1.11.
AK-1 - picture area 4
Inscriptions AK-1.9, AK-1.10, AK-1.11, AK-1.12, AK-1.13 and AK-1.14 - picture area 4.

Commentary

Not previously published. Examined by TIR in July 2014.

Image in Mandl 2011: Abb. 141 (photo).

Length min. 46 cm, starting at about 60 cm from the ground, running vertically upwards, to the immediate right of AK-1.10; the best preserved of the inscriptions in Bildstelle 4.

Traces of about four characters (the last possibly A14 d?) before tentative E d, the exact localisation of whose bars is uncertain. After this, an angle in the lower area, possibly of S2 d. Then probably K3 d; E dR2 d is well legible. Next, a clearly visible separator, followed by A14 d with very faint bar (but see below). After a narrow lacuna, U5 d and another separator. A14 dL dE d is unproblematic (but see below), K3 dA14 d more doubtful. After S2 d, a hasta, then a curved crack. At about 10 cm beyond the crack, potential traces of more characters, but not quite in line with the row of letters described – the inscription probably ends at the crack.

The sequence punctuation7 dA14 dU5 dpunctuation7 dA14 dL dE d in the middle of an inscription is strongly reminiscent of the Steinberg rock inscriptions ST-5 and ST-6, which feature the suffix syntagma -nu-ale written with the first element separated by short medial puncts and written in ligature NU d. In AK-1.11, no angle in the lower area before U5 d can be made out with any certainty, instead the small lacuna contains a round indentation, which is most probably natural (the other separators in the inscription appearing as punctuation7 d). In both ST-5 and ST-6, alpha precedes -nu-ale, but in ST-6, only the element -nu is written between separators. Despite the lacuna it cannot be excluded that the tall chevron identified as A14 d by us does not feature a bar and represents the angle of N2 s in a ligature NU d. In this case, the first separator in AK-1.11 would be inserted in accordance with its usage in ST-6. The letter between A14 d and E d, here read as lambda, actually appears as V d with two bars. The emendation to lambda is based on linguistic grounds, but note that in both ST-5 and ST-6, lambda appears in different variants, with the bar extending from the centre of the hasta. In AK-1.11, the writer may have applied one of the bars to correct a mistake; in any case, either of them might be considered the correct one, hence L d vs. L4 d. AK-1.11 is one of three type-2 petrographs on this rock wall; cf. AK-1.10 and AK-1.17; see Raetic epigraphy.

Bibliography

Mandl 2011 Franz Mandl, Felsbilder. Österreich – Bayern: Nördliche Kalkalpen [= Anisa – Verein für alpine Forschung 4], Haus im Ennstal: 2011.
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