CE-1.3

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Inscription
Transliteration:	ḷup·nu piθiave
Original script:
Object:	CE-1 situla (bronze) (Inscriptions: CE-1.1, CE-1.2, CE-1.3, CE-1.4, CE-1.5)
Position:	rim
Script:	North Italic script
Direction of writing:	sinistroverse
Letter height:	0.9 cm
Number of letters:	12
Number of lines:	1
Craftsmanship:	embossed
Current condition:	complete
Date of inscription:	4th century BC [from object]
Date derived from:	typology [from object]
Language:	Raetic
Meaning:	'Piθiave, son of Lup*' (?)
Alternative sigla:	PID 215 (b2) IR 5 (b2) LIR CE-1 (4) MLR 26 (b2)
Sources:	Schumacher 2004: 155, 337

Images

Object CE-1 situla with inscriptions CE-1.1, CE-1.2, CE-1.3, CE-1.4 and CE-1.5 - positions.

Inscription CE-1.3.

Commentary

First published in Giovanelli 1834. Autopsied by TIR in November 2014.

Pictures in Giovanelli 1834: drawing (= Giovanelli 1844), Inghirami 1828: Tav. XII (drawing), Giovanelli 1845: tav. I, fig. 7 (drawing = Giovanelli 1876: Taf. I, No. 7), Mommsen 1853: Taf. I, 11 B (drawing), Sulzer 1855: Tav. VII (drawing), CII: tav. I, Corssen 1874: tav. XXIII, Oberziner 1883b: tav. XXIII, AIF I: tav. II, no. 37, IR (photo = LIR), Morandi 1982: 201 (drawing), MLR (photo).

Length about 6.3 cm; written on the rim of the situla, starting at about 14 cm after CE-1.2, facing outward. Applied neatly with thin strokes (>1 mm). See CE-1.4 for a discussion of whether the five sequences on the situla should be considerd part of one inscription or not. CE-1.2 and CE-1.3 resemble each other in ductus (vertical hastae in Alpha and Upsilon, vertical second bar in Nu) and execution (fine tool, slender letters) and may well have been written by the same person.

The inscription is tidy, the reading is unambiguous. The small oblique mark inside the angle of initial is slighter than the others and certainly unintentional. The two sequences can be interpreted as a patronymic and an individual name, though not in the more usual order. They are separated by a pronounced distance (0.7 cm); a punctuation mark is used to separate the patronymic suffix -nu from the base. The find place of the inscription lies between the alphabets of Sanzeno and Magrè, that is, their respective areas of use, so word-internal punctuation is not completely out of place. But note that this is the only separator in any of the inscriptions on the situla, and especially the patronymic in CE-1.2 is not punctuated. CE-1.3 is also the only inscription on the object which has Pi. The letter is turned with its bar extending in writing direction, "Lugano-style", which does not fit with either Sanzeno or Magrè alphabet (a reading as Lambda is excluded by the presence of ) – see P for a discussion.

Further reference: Inghirami 1828: 210–218 (= a letter from Giovanelli to Inghirami (1832), followed by Inghirami's reply (1833); the latter is also reprinted in the original publication), Giovanelli 1844: 99–113, Mommsen 1853: No. 11, Sulzer 1855: 22, Weber 1861: 31, Schneller 1866: 185 ff., CII: no. 12, Suppl. I: 6, 100, Corssen 1874: 919 ff., Pichler 1880: no. 1, Oberziner 1883b: 182 ff., AIF I: no. 37, Runes 1935, Battisti 1944: 235 f., Mayr 1959d, Pisani 1964: 323 f., Morandi 1982: no. 77, Battisti 1936b: 596 f., Kretschmer 1943: 170 ff., Altheim 1951: passim, Tibiletti Bruno 1978: 233 f.

Bibliography

AIF I	Carl Pauli, Altitalische Forschungen. Band 1: Die Inschriften nordetruskischen Alphabets, Leipzig: 1885.
Battisti 1936b	Carlo Battisti, "Rassegna critica degli studi linguistici sull'Alto Adige nel quinquennio 1931-36", Archivio per l'Alto Adige 31/2 (1936), 561–611.
Battisti 1944	Carlo Battisti, "Osservazioni sulla lingua delle iscrizioni nell'alfabeto etrusco settentrionale di Bolzano", Studi Etruschi 18 (1944), 199–236.
CII	Ariodante Fabretti, Corpus inscriptionum italicarum, Torino: 1867. (2 volumes)
Corssen 1874	Wilhelm Paul Corssen, Ueber die Sprache der Etrusker. Band 1, Leipzig: 1874.
Giovanelli 1834	Benedetto Giovanelli, "Ueber ein rhätisches Gefäß und über rhätische Paläographie", Beiträge zur Geschichte, Statistik, Naturkunde und Kunst von Tirol und Vorarlberg 8 (1834), 133–149.
Giovanelli 1844	Benedetto Giovanelli, Dei Rezj. Dell'origini de' popoli d'Italia e d'una iscrizione rezio-etrusca. Pensieri di Benedetto Conte Giovanelli Podestà di Trento, Trento: 1844.
Giovanelli 1845	Benedetto Giovanelli, Le antichità rezio-etrusche scoperte presso Matrai nel Maggio 1845, Trento: Monauni 1845.
Giovanelli 1876	Benedetto Giovanelli, "Die Rhätisch-Etruskischen Alterthümer entdeckt bei Matrei im Mai 1845", Zeitschrift des Ferdinandeums für Tirol und Vorarlberg 3/20 (1876), 45–99.
Inghirami 1828	Francesco Inghirami (Ed.), Lettere di etrusca erudizione, Fiesole: 1828.
IR	Alberto Mancini, "Iscrizioni retiche", Studi Etruschi 43 (1975), 249–306.
Kretschmer 1943	Paul Kretschmer, "Die vorgriechischen Sprach- und Volksschichten (Fortsetzung)", Glotta 30 (1943), 84–218.
LIR	Alberto Mancini, Le Iscrizioni Retiche [= Quaderni del dipartimento di linguistica, Università degli studi di Firenze Studi 8–9], Padova: Unipress 2009–10. (2 volumes)