https://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&feed=atom&action=historyArchaeology in the Raetic area - Revision history2024-03-29T11:44:53ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.38.1https://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&diff=17490&oldid=prevCorinna Salomon: /* Late Iron Age */2020-04-09T08:42:26Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Late Iron Age</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Mediterranean element is generally attributed to the Etruscan presence in the 6<sup>th</sup>-century Padan plain ({{bib|Marzatico 1992}}: 233; in detail {{bib|Gleirscher 1993}}: 77–95). The Etruscans founded – among other proto-cities and emporia – Marzabotto, Forcello (near Bagnolo San Vito) and the harbour city of Spina, and took control of the Veneto-Greek harbour of Adria between 540 and 525 BC ({{bib|De Marinis 1999}}: 624). Direct contacts between the Padan Etruscans and the inhabitants of the Central Eastern Alps, without Venetic or Celtic mediacy, are demonstrated, for example, by objects of Alpine make found in Forcello ({{bib|De Marinis 1999}}: 624–626); a list of Etruscan imports found in Fritzens-Sanzeno context – not as many as might be expected, because much was manufactured locally from Etruscan models – can be found in {{bib|Nothdurfter 1992}}: 60–62. {{bib|De Marinis 1999}}: 628 stresses the importance of Forcello for the Etruscan–Raetic connection, which is notable insofar as the route of transit from that settlement into the north would conceivably not have led up the Adige valley, but along the Mincio to the Lago di Garda, via its influent, the Sarca, and over the plateau between the Adige and the Brenta mountains to the Noce and into the Val di Non, then over the Gampen pass to [[index::Meran / Merano|Meran]]. Particularly [[index::Sanzeno]]'s evident role as a centre of metal working, trade and cult is difficult to reconcile with a main transit route passing it by in the Adige valley ({{bib|Nothdurfter 1992}}: 51). That trade also flowed through the Adige valley is demonstrated by Etruscan finds from the Vallagarina and [[index::Pfatten / Vadena|Pfatten]] ({{bib|Nothdurfter 1992}}: 50; {{bib|Marzoli & Wiel Marin 2013}}: 26), but, according to {{bib|Nothdurfter 1979}}: 105, the valley in antiquity was swampy and "monatelang unpassierbar" after heavy rains. Gleirscher ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 124) hesitates to decide between Mincio and Adige as the main inlets for Etruscan culture into the Central Eastern Alps; he points to ties between the Val di Non and the Golasecca culture in the west. In any case, the major trade routes between Italy and the European mainland are thought to have bypassed the Raetic area entirely, making use of passages in the Golaseccan area ({{bib|De Marinis 1988}}: 120; {{bib|Gleirscher 1991}}: 13, 20; {{bib|Schmid-Sikimić 2000}}: 215–219).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Mediterranean element is generally attributed to the Etruscan presence in the 6<sup>th</sup>-century Padan plain ({{bib|Marzatico 1992}}: 233; in detail {{bib|Gleirscher 1993}}: 77–95). The Etruscans founded – among other proto-cities and emporia – Marzabotto, Forcello (near Bagnolo San Vito) and the harbour city of Spina, and took control of the Veneto-Greek harbour of Adria between 540 and 525 BC ({{bib|De Marinis 1999}}: 624). Direct contacts between the Padan Etruscans and the inhabitants of the Central Eastern Alps, without Venetic or Celtic mediacy, are demonstrated, for example, by objects of Alpine make found in Forcello ({{bib|De Marinis 1999}}: 624–626); a list of Etruscan imports found in Fritzens-Sanzeno context – not as many as might be expected, because much was manufactured locally from Etruscan models – can be found in {{bib|Nothdurfter 1992}}: 60–62. {{bib|De Marinis 1999}}: 628 stresses the importance of Forcello for the Etruscan–Raetic connection, which is notable insofar as the route of transit from that settlement into the north would conceivably not have led up the Adige valley, but along the Mincio to the Lago di Garda, via its influent, the Sarca, and over the plateau between the Adige and the Brenta mountains to the Noce and into the Val di Non, then over the Gampen pass to [[index::Meran / Merano|Meran]]. Particularly [[index::Sanzeno]]'s evident role as a centre of metal working, trade and cult is difficult to reconcile with a main transit route passing it by in the Adige valley ({{bib|Nothdurfter 1992}}: 51). That trade also flowed through the Adige valley is demonstrated by Etruscan finds from the Vallagarina and [[index::Pfatten / Vadena|Pfatten]] ({{bib|Nothdurfter 1992}}: 50; {{bib|Marzoli & Wiel Marin 2013}}: 26), but, according to {{bib|Nothdurfter 1979}}: 105, the valley in antiquity was swampy and "monatelang unpassierbar" after heavy rains. Gleirscher ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 124) hesitates to decide between Mincio and Adige as the main inlets for Etruscan culture into the Central Eastern Alps; he points to ties between the Val di Non and the Golasecca culture in the west. In any case, the major trade routes between Italy and the European mainland are thought to have bypassed the Raetic area entirely, making use of passages in the Golaseccan area ({{bib|De Marinis 1988}}: 120; {{bib|Gleirscher 1991}}: 13, 20; {{bib|Schmid-Sikimić 2000}}: 215–219).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Fritzens-Sanzeno culture appears to have flourished in the 5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 493) – i.e. during its intensive contact with the Etruscan culture. Celtic influence, which can be detected in both the Fritzens-Sanzeno and the Magrè group, largely replaces that of the Etruscans from the 4<sup>th</sup> century onwards, when the Celtic migration put an end to Etruscan dominance in the Padan plain ({{bib|Lang 1999}}: 375–379; {{bib|Gleirscher 1993}}: 97–100; {{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 527–537), though Etruscan elements do not disappear completely ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 521 f.). While Celtic enclaves seem to have existed in the Veneto, an actual Celtic presence in the Central Eastern Alps is thought to have been restricted to individual craftsmen ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 531 f.; though Pompeius Trogus [via Justin XX 5] lists Trento as a town founded by the Gauls). Eventually, Celts from Noricum (the Saevates; see [index::Ancient sources]]) took over the Pustertal; the Germanic Cimbri's march over the Alps around in 103/102 BC may be reflected in the settlement structures of certain valleys ({{bib|Gleirscher 1991}}: 21; {{bib|Gamper 2006}}: 348 f.). Gradual Romanisation begins to make itself felt around 200 BC ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 537–541; {{bib|Demetz 1992}}: 631). The Roman expansion marks the end of the indigenous Iron Age cultures of the Alps, though there are sanctuaries which were active well into Roman and even early Mediaeval times ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 196–199). The transition appears to have happened more peacefully in the southeast than in the militarily subdued inner Alpine areas ({{bib|Marzatico 1992}}: 225 f.).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Fritzens-Sanzeno culture appears to have flourished in the 5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 493) – i.e. during its intensive contact with the Etruscan culture. Celtic influence, which can be detected in both the Fritzens-Sanzeno and the Magrè group, largely replaces that of the Etruscans from the 4<sup>th</sup> century onwards, when the Celtic migration put an end to Etruscan dominance in the Padan plain ({{bib|Lang 1999}}: 375–379; {{bib|Gleirscher 1993}}: 97–100; {{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 527–537), though Etruscan elements do not disappear completely ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 521 f.). While Celtic enclaves seem to have existed in the Veneto, an actual Celtic presence in the Central Eastern Alps is thought to have been restricted to individual craftsmen ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 531 f.; though Pompeius Trogus [via Justin XX 5] lists Trento as a town founded by the Gauls). Eventually, Celts from Noricum (the Saevates; see <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[</ins>[index::Ancient sources]]) took over the Pustertal; the Germanic Cimbri's march over the Alps around in 103/102 BC may be reflected in the settlement structures of certain valleys ({{bib|Gleirscher 1991}}: 21; {{bib|Gamper 2006}}: 348 f.). Gradual Romanisation begins to make itself felt around 200 BC ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 537–541; {{bib|Demetz 1992}}: 631). The Roman expansion marks the end of the indigenous Iron Age cultures of the Alps, though there are sanctuaries which were active well into Roman and even early Mediaeval times ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 196–199). The transition appears to have happened more peacefully in the southeast than in the militarily subdued inner Alpine areas ({{bib|Marzatico 1992}}: 225 f.).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Fritzens-Sanzeno culture extends over the area of the precursory Laugen-Melaun culture and beyond. Its border in the west lies in the Unterengadin between [[index::Ardez|Scuol]] and Susch, in the east somewhere along the Puster- or Drautal, probably including Osttirol ({{bib|Stadler 1992}}: 560). In the north, the Inntal, despite its clear affinity with the Fritzens-Sanzeno group, retains some distinguishing characteristics ({{bib|Gleirscher 1999}}: 259, 261; {{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 173). The [[index::Montesei di Serso]] settlement displays intermediate features, suggesting a gradual transition into the peninsular cultures ({{bib|Gleirscher 1999}}: 259; {{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 124 f.): the region south of Trento is considered part of the Raetic area ({{bib|Marzatico 1999}}: 503), but kept apart archaeologically, its material culture being designated the "Magrè group". Find places in the Valli Giudicarie south-east of Trento (Stenico, Monte San Martino) yield different types of ceramics, some typical for Fritzens-Sanzeno, others for the Breno-Dos dell’Arca group associated with Camunic ({{bib|De Marinis 1992}}: 155–161). Burnt-offering sites with altars of stacked stones, female votive figures and antler votives may indicate a cult community within the Fritzens-Sanzeno culture which excludes the Unterengadin, the Inntal and the areas east of [[index::Brixen / Bressanone|Brixen]] and south of [[index::Trento]], though the above-mentioned bronze batons commonly interpreted as lot sticks are found throughout the Raetic area ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 184, 213).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Fritzens-Sanzeno culture extends over the area of the precursory Laugen-Melaun culture and beyond. Its border in the west lies in the Unterengadin between [[index::Ardez|Scuol]] and Susch, in the east somewhere along the Puster- or Drautal, probably including Osttirol ({{bib|Stadler 1992}}: 560). In the north, the Inntal, despite its clear affinity with the Fritzens-Sanzeno group, retains some distinguishing characteristics ({{bib|Gleirscher 1999}}: 259, 261; {{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 173). The [[index::Montesei di Serso]] settlement displays intermediate features, suggesting a gradual transition into the peninsular cultures ({{bib|Gleirscher 1999}}: 259; {{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 124 f.): the region south of Trento is considered part of the Raetic area ({{bib|Marzatico 1999}}: 503), but kept apart archaeologically, its material culture being designated the "Magrè group". Find places in the Valli Giudicarie south-east of Trento (Stenico, Monte San Martino) yield different types of ceramics, some typical for Fritzens-Sanzeno, others for the Breno-Dos dell’Arca group associated with Camunic ({{bib|De Marinis 1992}}: 155–161). Burnt-offering sites with altars of stacked stones, female votive figures and antler votives may indicate a cult community within the Fritzens-Sanzeno culture which excludes the Unterengadin, the Inntal and the areas east of [[index::Brixen / Bressanone|Brixen]] and south of [[index::Trento]], though the above-mentioned bronze batons commonly interpreted as lot sticks are found throughout the Raetic area ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 184, 213).</div></td></tr>
</table>Corinna Salomonhttps://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&diff=17479&oldid=prevCorinna Salomon: Corinna Salomon moved page Archaeology of the Raetic area to Archaeology in the Raetic area without leaving a redirect2020-04-08T18:51:12Z<p>Corinna Salomon moved page <a href="/index.php?title=Archaeology_of_the_Raetic_area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archaeology of the Raetic area (page does not exist)">Archaeology of the Raetic area</a> to <a href="/wiki/Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area" title="Archaeology in the Raetic area">Archaeology in the Raetic area</a> without leaving a redirect</p>
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</td></tr></table>Corinna Salomonhttps://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&diff=17450&oldid=prevCorinna Salomon at 22:02, 7 April 20202020-04-07T22:02:22Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Negau helmets can be dated typologically: the Slovenian type, variant Vače, of which both the [[index::SL-1 helmet|Vače helmet]] and the [[index::SL-2 helmet|Negau helmet A]] are specimens, was in use between the second half of the 5<sup>th</sup> and the early 4<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Egg 1986}}: 82, 129); however, the presence of two younger helmets indicates that the helmet-only depot in which Negau A was found was laid down at the end of the 2<sup>nd</sup> century at the earliest ({{bib|Egg 1976}}: 302). The [[index::Kosman-Gut|Kosman]] hoard from [[index::Jenesien / San Genesio Atesino|Jenesien]] can be dated to the first half of the 1<sup>st</sup> century through the included coins ({{bib|Lunz & Morandi 2003}}: 344). The Vače helmet, a stray find, lacks a datable context.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Negau helmets can be dated typologically: the Slovenian type, variant Vače, of which both the [[index::SL-1 helmet|Vače helmet]] and the [[index::SL-2 helmet|Negau helmet A]] are specimens, was in use between the second half of the 5<sup>th</sup> and the early 4<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Egg 1986}}: 82, 129); however, the presence of two younger helmets indicates that the helmet-only depot in which Negau A was found was laid down at the end of the 2<sup>nd</sup> century at the earliest ({{bib|Egg 1976}}: 302). The [[index::Kosman-Gut|Kosman]] hoard from [[index::Jenesien / San Genesio Atesino|Jenesien]] can be dated to the first half of the 1<sup>st</sup> century through the included coins ({{bib|Lunz & Morandi 2003}}: 344). The Vače helmet, a stray find, lacks a datable context.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{gallery}}</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(Text: [[index::User:Corinna Salomon|Corinna Salomon]])</ins></div></td></tr>
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</table>Corinna Salomonhttps://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&diff=17449&oldid=prevCorinna Salomon: /* Southern Raetic area */2020-04-07T21:42:26Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Southern Raetic area</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== Southern Raetic area ====</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== Southern Raetic area ====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The find complex of the settlement near Tesero in the Val di Fiemme is dated mainly to the early La Tène period (Marzatico 2001<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>498), but younger finds make a later dating for the antler handle possible (Gamper 2006<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>329) – Dal Rì 1987<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>176 suggests the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4th–3rd c</del>. The <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Situla Giovanelli (</del>CE-1<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</del>, an isolated find from Caslir – arguably a burnt-offerings site – in the Val di Cembra, is dated to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4th c. </del>(Marzatico 2001<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>512; Oberosler 2004<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>646).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The find complex of the settlement near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Tesero<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>in the Val di Fiemme is dated mainly to the early La Tène period (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Marzatico 2001<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>498), but younger finds make a later dating for the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::FI-1 antler|</ins>antler handle<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>possible (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Gamper 2006<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>329) – <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Dal Rì 1987<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>176 suggests the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century</ins>. The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>CE-1 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">situla|Situla di Cembra]]</ins>, an isolated find from <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Caslir<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>– arguably a burnt-offerings site – in the Val di Cembra, is dated to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4<sup>th</sup> century </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Marzatico 2001<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>512; <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Oberosler 2004<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>646).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>From the meeting point of Valsugana and Valle dei Mòcheni come twelve pieces of antler <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(inscriptions SR-1–10, 12 and 13) </del>and three other objects bearing marks, found scattered in house 2 of the settlement on the Montesei di Serso (Perini 1965<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>35 [fig. 2]). The excavation report (Perini 1965) lists eight of the ten antler pieces as found in the two older layers C"' and C" in the north-western corner of house 2, while two more (<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">unidenti-fied</del>, I believe) were found in the eastern part in the layer C' (58). According to Marzatico 2001<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>505, the settlement dates to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th–4th c.</del>, with only house 3 yielding younger finds (<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3rd–2nd c.</del>). Thus, the dating given by Gleirscher apud Schumacher 2004<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>247 (<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th–4th c.</del>) is to be preferred to that of Dal Rì 1987<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>176, who, for reasons not evident, gives the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3rd c. </del>for the antler pieces (but cf. Gamper 2006<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>332). De Marinis 1988<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>121 gives the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th c</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The settlement of Bostel near Rotzo in the western Altopiano di Asiago, above the Adige valley, has been yielding inscribed objects, mostly pottery, since the 1880s. All but one of the finds from before 1920 <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(AS-1–13) </del>are currently untraceable and probably destroyed. The more recent finds <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(AS-15–23)</del>, which were found during systematic <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ex-cavations</del>, fit in well with the descriptions of the older material. The settlement, and with it the finds, is dated to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4th–2nd c.</del>; the most recent ceramic finds <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with inscriptions AS-15–23</del>, retrieved from structures C1 and 2, can be dated more specifically to the end of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4th–3rd c. </del>(De Guio 2011<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>176). No dating is availably for the isolated potsherd from Piovene Rocchette <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with inscription AS-14</del>. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>From the meeting point of Valsugana and Valle dei Mòcheni come twelve pieces of antler and three other objects bearing marks, found scattered in house 2 of the settlement on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Montesei di Serso<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Perini 1965<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>35 [fig. 2]). The excavation report (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Perini 1965<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}</ins>) lists eight of the ten antler pieces as found in the two older layers C"' and C" in the north-western corner of house 2, while two more (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">unidentified</ins>, I believe) were found in the eastern part in the layer C' (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ibid.: </ins>58). According to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Marzatico 2001<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>505, the settlement dates to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century</ins>, with only house 3 yielding younger finds (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3<sup>rd</sup>–2<sup>nd</sup> century</ins>). Thus, the dating given by Gleirscher apud <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Schumacher 2004<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>247 (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century</ins>) is to be preferred to that of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Dal Rì 1987<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>176, who, for reasons not evident, gives the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3<sup>rd</sup> century </ins>for the antler pieces (but cf. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Gamper 2006<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>332). <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>De Marinis 1988<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>121 gives the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup> century</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The bothros of the burnt-offerings site of Magrè near Schio contained one of the most important Raetic inscription finds<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>the twenty-three antler pieces <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with inscriptions MA-1–23</del>. The site was in use throughout the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">late </del>Iron Age (Ruta Serafini <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2002a, </del>258). Pellegrini 1918<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>175 f. dates the complex to Este IV (LT B–D); his specification of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4th c. </del>is based on palaeography (206), as is that of De Marinis 1988<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>121 (<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th c.</del>). The dating given by Gambacurta 2002b<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>122 (<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3rd–2nd c.</del>) requires substantiation – cf. Markey 2006<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>147, who assumes that the antler pieces date from different phases of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sanctuary’s </del>existence. Four bones <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with inscriptions TR-1–4</del>, among about thirty uninscribed ones, were found in a large (cult?) building in the settlement of the Colle di Castello (Trissino), the only find place in the Agno valley. The site was inhabited from the middle of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th c. </del>to Roman times, but the bones are dated to the end of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2nd–beginning </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1st c. </del>through context (Ruta Serafini <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2002b, </del>259).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>From the cult building at Casaletti near San Giorgio di Valpolicella come two bronze objects of unknown function <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(inscriptions VR-10 and 11) </del>and a number of bone objects <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(inscriptions VR-12–17)</del>. Associated with the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">building’s </del>second phase, the material can be dated to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2nd–beginning </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1st c. </del>(Salzani 2003<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>96–100; Marinetti <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2004a, </del>412). The isolated <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">bone with inscription </del>VR-4 from Castelrotto is dated to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1st c. via </del>context (Marinetti 1991<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>42). The four inscribed objects <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(inscriptions VR-6–9) </del>from a settlement near Montorio Veronese can be dated <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">by </del>context to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4th–3rd c. </del>(Marinetti <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2004a, </del>409). The site near San Briccio di Lavagno has yielded two antler pieces <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(inscriptions VR-1 and 2)</del>, datable <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">by </del>context to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th–4th c. </del>(Gambacurta 2002b<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>122 [n. 22]). No dating is <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">avail-able </del>for the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">opisthograph with inscriptions </del>TV-1<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">.1 (Raetic) and TV-1.2 (Latin), </del>which was found built into the outer wall of the Chiesa di San Martino di Castelcies near Cavaso di Tomba.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The settlement of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Bostel<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Rotzo<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>in the western Altopiano di Asiago, above the Adige valley, has been yielding inscribed objects, mostly pottery, since the 1880s. All but one of the finds from before 1920 are currently untraceable and probably destroyed. The more recent finds, which were found during systematic <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">excavations</ins>, fit in well with the descriptions of the older material. The settlement, and with it the finds, is dated to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4<sup>th</sup>–2<sup>nd</sup> century</ins>; the most recent ceramic finds, retrieved from structures C1 and 2, can be dated more specifically to the end of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>De Guio 2011<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>176). No dating is availably for the isolated <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::AS-14 </ins>potsherd<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|potsherd]] </ins>from <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Piovene Rocchette<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Negau helmets can be dated typologically: the Slovenian type, variant Vače, of which both the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Vače (inscription </del>SL-1<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">) </del>helmet and the Negau helmet A <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(inscriptions SL-2.1–2.4) </del>are specimens, was in use between the second half of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th </del>and the early <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4th c. </del>(Egg 1986, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">82. </del>129); however, the presence of two younger helmets indicates that the helmet-only depot in which Negau A was found was laid down at the end of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2nd c. </del>at the earliest (Egg 1976<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>302). The Kosman hoard from Jenesien can be dated to the first half of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> 1st c. </del>through the included coins (Lunz & Morandi 2003<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>344). The Vače helmet, a stray find, lacks a datable context.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The bothros of the burnt-offerings site of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Magrè<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Schio<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>contained one of the most important Raetic inscription finds <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">form of </ins>twenty-three <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">inscribed </ins>antler pieces. The site was in use throughout the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Late </ins>Iron Age (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Ruta Serafini <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2002b}}: </ins>258). <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Pellegrini 1918<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>175 f. dates the complex to Este IV (LT B–D); his specification of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4<sup>th</sup> century </ins>is based on palaeography (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ibid.: </ins>206), as is that of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>De Marinis 1988<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>121 (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup> century</ins>). The dating given by <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Gambacurta 2002b<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>122 (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3<sup>rd</sup>–2<sup>nd</sup> century</ins>) requires substantiation – cf. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Markey 2006<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>147, who assumes that the antler pieces date from different phases of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sanctuary's </ins>existence. Four <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">inscribed </ins>bones, among about thirty uninscribed ones, were found in a large (cult?) building in the settlement of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Colle di Castello<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Trissino<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>), the only find place in the Agno valley. The site was inhabited from the middle of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup> century </ins>to Roman times, but the bones are dated to the end of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2<sup>nd</sup>–beginning </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1<sup>st</sup> century </ins>through context (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Ruta Serafini <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2002}}: </ins>259).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>From the cult building at <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Casaletti<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>San Giorgio di Valpolicella<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>come two bronze objects of unknown function and a number of bone objects. Associated with the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">building's </ins>second phase, the material can be dated to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2<sup>nd</sup>–beginning </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1<sup>st</sup> century </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Salzani 2003<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>96–100; <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Marinetti <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2004}}: </ins>412). The isolated <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>VR-4 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">bone|bone]] </ins>from <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Castelrotto<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>is dated to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1<sup>st</sup> century through </ins>context (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Marinetti 1991<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>42). The four inscribed objects from a settlement near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Montorio Veronese<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>can be dated <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">through </ins>context to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Marinetti <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2004}}: </ins>409). The site near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::San Briccio|</ins>San Briccio di Lavagno<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>has yielded two antler pieces, datable <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">through </ins>context to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Gambacurta 2002b<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>122 [n. 22]). No dating is <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">available </ins>for the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>TV-1 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">slab|opisthograph]] </ins>which was found built into the outer wall of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Chiesa di San Martino di Castelcies<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>near Cavaso di Tomba.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Negau helmets can be dated typologically: the Slovenian type, variant Vače, of which both the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>SL-1 helmet<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|Vače helmet]] </ins>and the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::SL-2 helmet|</ins>Negau helmet A<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>are specimens, was in use between the second half of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup> </ins>and the early <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4<sup>th</sup> century </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Egg 1986<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: 82</ins>, 129); however, the presence of two younger helmets indicates that the helmet-only depot in which Negau A was found was laid down at the end of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2<sup>nd</sup> century </ins>at the earliest (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Egg 1976<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>302). The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Kosman-Gut|</ins>Kosman<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>hoard from <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Jenesien / San Genesio Atesino|</ins>Jenesien<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>can be dated to the first half of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1<sup>st</sup> century </ins>through the included coins (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Lunz & Morandi 2003<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>344). The Vače helmet, a stray find, lacks a datable context.</div></td></tr>
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</table>Corinna Salomonhttps://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&diff=17448&oldid=prevCorinna Salomon: /* Northern Raetic area */2020-04-07T21:17:34Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Northern Raetic area</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== Northern Raetic area ====</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== Northern Raetic area ====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>No inscription finds come from the Münstertal, and only one from the Engadin: the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">potsherd with inscription </del>EN-1 from Suotchastè near Ardez is dated to LT A–B through context and typology (Caduff 2007<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>16). <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The ceramics </del>from the sanctuary on the Pillerhöhe near Fliess<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, of which three pieces bear inscriptions or script-like marks (IT-8–10), </del>date to the early La Tène period (Tschurtschenthaler & Wein 1998<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>247). <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </del>To my knowledge, no datings are available for the settlement on the Hörtenberg near Pfaffenhofen. The Demlfeld sanctuary, part of a larger complex around Ampass, was in use throughout the younger Iron Age, but no precise dating is known for the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">bronze plaque with inscription </del>IT-5. The settlement on the Himmelreich near Volders <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in the Inntal </del>yields a great number of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">pot-sherds </del>bearing marks (including IT-2) which are dated to the middle and late La Tène period (Gamper 2006<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>265 f.). The <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">carved antler with inscription </del>IT-4 <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">comes </del>from <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">house 2 of </del>the Pirchboden settlement near Fritzens<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">; the </del>house was destroyed by fire in the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">late </del>Iron Age, possibly in the course of the Roman Alpine campaign (Tomedi 2001<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>32).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>No inscription finds come from the Münstertal, and only one from the Engadin: the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">inscribed [[index::</ins>EN-1 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">potsherd|potsherd]] </ins>from <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Suotchastè<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Ardez<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>is dated to LT A–B through context and typology (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Caduff 2007<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>16). <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Both the [[index::IT-8 potsherd|potsherd]] and the [[index::IT-9 fragment|miniature shield]] </ins>from the sanctuary on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Pillerhöhe<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Fliess<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>date to the early La Tène period (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Tschurtschenthaler & Wein 1998<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>247). To my knowledge, no datings are available for the settlement on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Hörtenberg<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Pfaffenhofen<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>. The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Demlfeld<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>sanctuary, part of a larger complex around <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Ampass<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, was in use throughout the younger Iron Age, but no precise dating is known for the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">inscribed [[index::</ins>IT-5 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">plaque|bronze plaque]]</ins>. The settlement on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Himmelreich<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Volders<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>yields a great number of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">potsherds </ins>bearing marks (including <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::IT-1 potsherd]], [[index::</ins>IT-2 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">potsherd]], [[index::IT-3 potsherd]]</ins>) which are dated to the middle and late La Tène period (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Gamper 2006<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>265 f.). The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>IT-4 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">unidentifiable|carved antler]] </ins>from the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Pirchboden<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>settlement near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Fritzens<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] comes from </ins>house <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2, which </ins>was destroyed by fire in the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Late </ins>Iron Age, possibly in the course of the Roman Alpine campaign (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Tomedi 2001<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>32).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A stray old finding in the form of a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">bronze handle with inscription </del>WE-1 comes from Matrei am Brenner – being the handle of a situla, the object can be dated to the the early La Tène period. The ceramics from the settlement on the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Kronbichl </del>near Sterzing, which yielded a potsherd with marks <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(WE-2)</del>, is dated to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">early </del>Iron Age by Lunz 1974<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>167, but Gamper 2006<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>316 also mentions a middle and late La Tène period find group. From the large settlement of Stufels near Brixen come an isolated and undated <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">antler piece with inscription </del>WE-3 and a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">potsherd with inscription </del>WE-4; the latter is dated to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4th c. </del>through both context and typology (Tecchiati et al. 2011<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>50). No secure datings are <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">avail-able </del>for the potsherds from the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Melaun </del>grave field <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(marks WE-5–8) </del>and the burnt-<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">offer-ings </del>site on the Rungger Egg <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(marks SI-1 and 2)</del>, and for the finds from the settlement on the Piperbühel <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(inscriptions RN-1–3)</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A stray old finding in the form of a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>WE-1 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">handle|bronze handle]] </ins>comes from <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Matrei am Brenner<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>– being the handle of a situla, the object can be dated to the the early La Tène period. The ceramics from the settlement on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Kronbühel / Custozza|Kronbühel]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Sterzing / Vipiteno|</ins>Sterzing<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, which yielded a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::WE-2 potsherd|</ins>potsherd with marks<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, is dated to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Early </ins>Iron Age by <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Lunz 1974<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>167, but <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Gamper 2006<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>316 also mentions a middle and late La Tène period find group. From the large settlement of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Stufels<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Brixen <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/ Bressanone|Brixen]] </ins>come an isolated and undated <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>WE-3 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">antler|antler piece]] </ins>and a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>WE-4 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">potsherd|potsherd]]</ins>; the latter is dated to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4<sup>th</sup> century </ins>through both context and typology (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Tecchiati et al. 2011<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>50). No secure datings are <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">available </ins>for the potsherds from the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Mellaun / Meluno|Mellaun]] </ins>grave field and the burnt-<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">offerings </ins>site on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Rungger Egg<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, and for the finds from the settlement on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Piperbühel<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">No other inscriptions are known </del>from the Burgkofel, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">but </del>there are finds from the immediate vicinity of St. Lorenzen. The settlement on the Steger hill, whence come three bones <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(inscriptions PU-5–7) </del>and three potsherds <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(inscriptions PU-8–10)</del>, is dated <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">princip-ally </del>to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th–4th c. </del>by Constantini 2002<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>41, though individual finds may be younger. The settlement on the Sonnenburger Weinleite, which yielded <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a stone plaque with inscription </del>PU-4 and a loom weight with marks, is dated to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th–3rd c. </del>(ibid., 48); another loom weight comes from the Puenland settlement, dated to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th–4th c. </del>(ibid., 22). </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">In the Pustertal, besides the above-mentioned [[index::PU-1 girdle plate|Lothen belt plaque]] </ins>from the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Burgkofel<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, there are finds from the immediate vicinity of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::St. Lorenzen / San Lorenzo di Sebato|</ins>St. Lorenzen<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>. The settlement on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Steger<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>hill, whence come three bones and three potsherds, is dated <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">principally </ins>to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century </ins>by <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Constantini 2002<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>41, though individual finds may be younger. The settlement on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Sonnenburger Weinleite<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, which yielded <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">an inscribed [[index::</ins>PU-4 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">plaque|stone plaque]] </ins>and a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::PU-2 loom weight|</ins>loom weight with marks<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, is dated to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century </ins>(ibid., 48); another <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::PU-3 loom weight|</ins>loom weight<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>comes from the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Puenland<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>settlement, dated to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century </ins>(ibid., 22).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== Southern Raetic area ====</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== Southern Raetic area ====</div></td></tr>
</table>Corinna Salomonhttps://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&diff=17445&oldid=prevCorinna Salomon: /* Oberland, Überetsch, Bozen basin, Upper Adige valley */2020-04-07T20:53:48Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Oberland, Überetsch, Bozen basin, Upper Adige valley</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:53, 7 April 2020</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Most of the find places of inscriptions in the Val di Non are situated in the northern part of the valley. The only outlier is the more southerly [[index::Dercolo]], where a hoard find of unclear function ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 222–224, 232 f.) contained the [[index::NO-11 bronze|Horse of Dercolo]]. The hoard was deposited around 400 ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}: 83; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231); considering that the objects deposited in the situla appear to have been comparatively new ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231), the bronze may be dated to the late 5<sup>th</sup> century. Two unassociated Sanzeno bowls ([[index::NO-12 bowl]], [[index::NO-18 bowl]]) are younger (LT C–D; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 224). The single [[index::NO-14 potsherd|Fritzens bowl sherd]], an old finding from somewhere in the Val di Non, dates from the 5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century based on typology.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Most of the find places of inscriptions in the Val di Non are situated in the northern part of the valley. The only outlier is the more southerly [[index::Dercolo]], where a hoard find of unclear function ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 222–224, 232 f.) contained the [[index::NO-11 bronze|Horse of Dercolo]]. The hoard was deposited around 400 ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}: 83; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231); considering that the objects deposited in the situla appear to have been comparatively new ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231), the bronze may be dated to the late 5<sup>th</sup> century. Two unassociated Sanzeno bowls ([[index::NO-12 bowl]], [[index::NO-18 bowl]]) are younger (LT C–D; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 224). The single [[index::NO-14 potsherd|Fritzens bowl sherd]], an old finding from somewhere in the Val di Non, dates from the 5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century based on typology.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Oberland</del>, Überetsch, Bozen basin, Upper Adige valley ====</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Unterland</ins>, Überetsch, Bozen basin, Upper Adige valley ====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The valley of the Adige between Salurn and [[index::Meran / Merano|Meran]] and the immediately adjoining mountainous areas have yielded a fair number of inscribed objects. While many finds come from well researched archaeological contexts, no homogeneous group finds of inscriptions like the Sanzeno bronzes have so far been made in the area. The oldest settlement complex is situated on the east side of the Mitterberg, facing the Adige, southeast of modern [[index::Pfatten / Vadena|Pfatten]] in the Unterland. It yielded the oldest object in the corpus, a bronze [[index::BZ-17 axe|Hallstatt-age axe]] from a hoard found above the grave field ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}: 211 f.), dated to the 7<sup>th</sup> or early 6<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Marzatico 1997}}: 453). Like many of its kind, the bronze axe bears marks, but these are not Raetic characters; the find has no bearing upon the chronology of Raetic script. The associated grave field of [[index::Stadlhof]] dates from the Hallstatt to the early La Tène period; the inscribed [[index::BZ-11 cist|fragment of a cist]] from grave XVIII ({{bib|Ghislanzoni 1939}}: 514 f.) and the [[index::BZ-10 slab|Pfatten stela]] from grave A ({{bib|Franz 1951}}: 130) must therefore be dated to LT A or B. For the [[index::BZ-12 key|bronze key]], possibly from the potential bothros near the Leuchtenburg ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 261 [no. 198]), no dating is available. The [[index::BZ-13 potsherd|potsherd]] from the settlement of Laimburg may be younger (3<sup>rd</sup>–2<sup>nd</sup> century; {{bib|Schumacher 2004}}: 211). Finally, the precise find spot of the [[index::BZ-25 fragment|fragmentary miniature vessel]] which surfaced in the museum is unknown, but the votive situlae belong typologically with the miniature shields and bronze plaque figures, and are, like these, well represented in the [[index::Mechel / Meclo|Meclo]] sanctuary.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The valley of the Adige between Salurn and [[index::Meran / Merano|Meran]] and the immediately adjoining mountainous areas have yielded a fair number of inscribed objects. While many finds come from well researched archaeological contexts, no homogeneous group finds of inscriptions like the Sanzeno bronzes have so far been made in the area. The oldest settlement complex is situated on the east side of the Mitterberg, facing the Adige, southeast of modern [[index::Pfatten / Vadena|Pfatten]] in the Unterland. It yielded the oldest object in the corpus, a bronze [[index::BZ-17 axe|Hallstatt-age axe]] from a hoard found above the grave field ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}: 211 f.), dated to the 7<sup>th</sup> or early 6<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Marzatico 1997}}: 453). Like many of its kind, the bronze axe bears marks, but these are not Raetic characters; the find has no bearing upon the chronology of Raetic script. The associated grave field of [[index::Stadlhof]] dates from the Hallstatt to the early La Tène period; the inscribed [[index::BZ-11 cist|fragment of a cist]] from grave XVIII ({{bib|Ghislanzoni 1939}}: 514 f.) and the [[index::BZ-10 slab|Pfatten stela]] from grave A ({{bib|Franz 1951}}: 130) must therefore be dated to LT A or B. For the [[index::BZ-12 key|bronze key]], possibly from the potential bothros near the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Leuchtenburg / Castelchiaro|</ins>Leuchtenburg<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 261 [no. 198]), no dating is available. The [[index::BZ-13 potsherd|potsherd]] from the settlement of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Laimburg<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>may be younger (3<sup>rd</sup>–2<sup>nd</sup> century; {{bib|Schumacher 2004}}: 211). Finally, the precise find spot of the [[index::BZ-25 fragment|fragmentary miniature vessel]] which surfaced in the museum is unknown, but the votive situlae belong typologically with the miniature shields and bronze plaque figures, and are, like these, well represented in the [[index::Mechel / Meclo|Meclo]] sanctuary.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Four inscribed objects come from Überetsch. The only sporadically excavated site on the [[index::Putzer Gschleier]] west of St. Pauls near [[index::Eppan / Appiano|Eppan]] yielded three finds (none from the casa retica), which cannot be dated. The inscribed [[index::BZ-24 slab|stela]] from [[index::Maderneid / Maderneto|Maderneid]] ([[index::Eppan / Appiano|Eppan]]) can be dated to the Late Roman Republican period by the style of its decoration (Stefan Demetz p.c.).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Four inscribed objects come from Überetsch. The only sporadically excavated site on the [[index::Putzer Gschleier]] west of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>St. Pauls <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/ San Paolo|St. Pauls]] </ins>near [[index::Eppan / Appiano|Eppan]] yielded three finds (none from the casa retica), which cannot be dated. The inscribed [[index::BZ-24 slab|stela]] from [[index::Maderneid / Maderneto|Maderneid]] ([[index::Eppan / Appiano|Eppan]]) can be dated to the Late Roman Republican period by the style of its decoration (Stefan Demetz p.c.).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The area in the [[index::Bozen / Bolzano|Bozen]] basin between the Bozen district of [[index::Moritzing / San Maurizio|Moritzing]] and [[index::Siebeneich / Settequerce|Siebeneich]] in the west is called the "sacred corner" (Heiliger Winkel / Sacro angolo) for the numerous find spots (see {{bib|Tecchiati 2002}}); unfortunately, it has not so far been systematically excavated. Four finds from the Moritzing grave field come not from excavated contexts, but from chance finds in the 19<sup>th</sup> century. Two – [[index::BZ-9 handle]] and [[index::BZ-4 fragment]] – are from a grave context dated to the second half of the 5<sup>th</sup>–first half of the 4<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Steiner 2002}}: 258); two cists with marks come from a context dated to the 4<sup>th</sup>–early 3<sup>rd</sup> century (ibid., 254). On the dating of the helmet hoard found on the [[index::Kosman-Gut|Kosman property]] ([[index::Jenesien / San Genesio Atesino|Jenesien]] see below. The inscribed [[index::BZ-5 handle|handle of a cist]], found during one of the minor excavations on the [[index::Greifensteiner Hang]], can be dated typologically to the 5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century through typology ({{bib|Lunz 1985}}: 145); the [[index::BZ-3 simpulum|handle of a simpulum]], an old finding from the area of the Großkarnell property, is dated by typology to the 5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The area in the [[index::Bozen / Bolzano|Bozen]] basin between the Bozen district of [[index::Moritzing / San Maurizio|Moritzing]] and [[index::Siebeneich / Settequerce|Siebeneich]] in the west is called the "sacred corner" (Heiliger Winkel / Sacro angolo) for the numerous find spots (see {{bib|Tecchiati 2002}}); unfortunately, it has not so far been systematically excavated. Four finds from the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Moritzing <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/ San Maurizio|Moritzing]] </ins>grave field come not from excavated contexts, but from chance finds in the 19<sup>th</sup> century. Two – [[index::BZ-9 handle]] and [[index::BZ-4 fragment]] – are from a grave context dated to the second half of the 5<sup>th</sup>–first half of the 4<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Steiner 2002}}: 258); two cists with marks come from a context dated to the 4<sup>th</sup>–early 3<sup>rd</sup> century (ibid., 254). On the dating of the helmet hoard found on the [[index::Kosman-Gut|Kosman property]] ([[index::Jenesien / San Genesio Atesino|Jenesien]] see below. The inscribed [[index::BZ-5 handle|handle of a cist]], found during one of the minor excavations on the [[index::Greifensteiner Hang]], can be dated typologically to the 5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century through typology ({{bib|Lunz 1985}}: 145); the [[index::BZ-3 simpulum|handle of a simpulum]], an old finding from the area of the Großkarnell property, is dated by typology to the 5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Further up the Adige valley, the inscribed [[index::BZ-2 axe|bronze axe]], a stray find from the vicinity of the church [[index::St. Christoph]] near [[index::Tisens / Tesimo|Tisens]], is dated typologically to the 5<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Zemmer-Plank et al. 1985}}: 165 [no. 34]). The three potsherds with marks from the settle-ment of [[index::St. Hippolyt / Sant'Ippolito|St. Hippolyt]] near [[index::Tisens / Tesimo|Tisens]] and the [[index::BZ-19 sickle|iron sickle]] from the hilltop cannot be securely dated, but the ceramics partly bear resemblance to material from the nearby sanctuary on the [[index::Hochbühel]] near [[index::Meran / Merano|Meran]], which appears to be no younger than LT A–B ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}, 193).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Further up the Adige valley, the inscribed [[index::BZ-2 axe|bronze axe]], a stray find from the vicinity of the church [[index::St. Christoph]] near [[index::Tisens / Tesimo|Tisens]], is dated typologically to the 5<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Zemmer-Plank et al. 1985}}: 165 [no. 34]). The three potsherds with marks from the settle-ment of [[index::St. Hippolyt / Sant'Ippolito|St. Hippolyt]] near [[index::Tisens / Tesimo|Tisens]] and the [[index::BZ-19 sickle|iron sickle]] from the hilltop cannot be securely dated, but the ceramics partly bear resemblance to material from the nearby sanctuary on the [[index::Hochbühel]] near [[index::Meran / Merano|Meran]], which appears to be no younger than LT A–B ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}, 193).</div></td></tr>
</table>Corinna Salomonhttps://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&diff=17444&oldid=prevCorinna Salomon: /* Heiliger Winkel / Sacro angolo and Upper Adige valley */2020-04-07T20:48:48Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Heiliger Winkel / Sacro angolo and Upper Adige valley</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Most of the find places of inscriptions in the Val di Non are situated in the northern part of the valley. The only outlier is the more southerly [[index::Dercolo]], where a hoard find of unclear function ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 222–224, 232 f.) contained the [[index::NO-11 bronze|Horse of Dercolo]]. The hoard was deposited around 400 ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}: 83; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231); considering that the objects deposited in the situla appear to have been comparatively new ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231), the bronze may be dated to the late 5<sup>th</sup> century. Two unassociated Sanzeno bowls ([[index::NO-12 bowl]], [[index::NO-18 bowl]]) are younger (LT C–D; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 224). The single [[index::NO-14 potsherd|Fritzens bowl sherd]], an old finding from somewhere in the Val di Non, dates from the 5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century based on typology.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Most of the find places of inscriptions in the Val di Non are situated in the northern part of the valley. The only outlier is the more southerly [[index::Dercolo]], where a hoard find of unclear function ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 222–224, 232 f.) contained the [[index::NO-11 bronze|Horse of Dercolo]]. The hoard was deposited around 400 ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}: 83; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231); considering that the objects deposited in the situla appear to have been comparatively new ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231), the bronze may be dated to the late 5<sup>th</sup> century. Two unassociated Sanzeno bowls ([[index::NO-12 bowl]], [[index::NO-18 bowl]]) are younger (LT C–D; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 224). The single [[index::NO-14 potsherd|Fritzens bowl sherd]], an old finding from somewhere in the Val di Non, dates from the 5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century based on typology.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Heiliger Winkel / Sacro angolo and </del>Upper Adige valley ====</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Oberland, Überetsch, Bozen basin, </ins>Upper Adige valley ====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The valley of the Adige between Salurn and Meran and the immediately adjoining mountainous areas have yielded a fair number of inscribed objects. While many finds come from well researched archaeological contexts, no <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">homogenous </del>group finds of inscriptions like the Sanzeno bronzes have so far been made in the area. The oldest settlement complex <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">in the area was </del>situated on the east side of the Mitterberg, facing the Adige, southeast of modern Pfatten in the Unterland. It yielded the oldest object in the corpus, a bronze Hallstatt-age axe from a hoard found above the grave field (Lunz 1974<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>211 f.), dated to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">7th </del>or early <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">6th c. </del>(Marzatico 1997<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>453). Like many of its kind, the bronze axe bears marks, but these are not Raetic characters; <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">testimony of BZ-17 </del>has no bearing upon the chronology of Raetic script. The associated grave field of Stadlhof dates from the Hallstatt to the early La Tène period; the fragment of a cist <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with inscription BZ-11 </del>from grave XVIII (Ghislanzoni 1939<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>514 f.) and the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">slab with inscription </del>BZ-10<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">.1 </del>from grave A (Franz 1951<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>130) must therefore be dated to LT A or B. For the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">bronze key with inscription </del>BZ-12, possibly from the potential bothros near the Leuchtenburg (Gleirscher et al. 2002<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>261 [no. 198]), no dating is available. The <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">potsherd with inscription </del>BZ-13 from the settlement of Laimburg may be younger (<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3rd–2nd c.</del>; Schumacher 2004<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>211). Finally, the precise find spot of the fragmentary miniature vessel <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with inscription BZ-25, a </del>museum <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">find, </del>is unknown, but the votive situlae belong typologically with the miniature shields and bronze plaque figures, and are, like these, well represented in the Meclo sanctuary.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The valley of the Adige between Salurn and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Meran / Merano|</ins>Meran<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>and the immediately adjoining mountainous areas have yielded a fair number of inscribed objects. While many finds come from well researched archaeological contexts, no <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">homogeneous </ins>group finds of inscriptions like the Sanzeno bronzes have so far been made in the area. The oldest settlement complex <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">is </ins>situated on the east side of the Mitterberg, facing the Adige, southeast of modern <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Pfatten / Vadena|</ins>Pfatten<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>in the Unterland. It yielded the oldest object in the corpus, a bronze <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::BZ-17 axe|</ins>Hallstatt-age axe<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>from a hoard found above the grave field (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Lunz 1974<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>211 f.), dated to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">7<sup>th</sup> </ins>or early <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">6<sup>th</sup> century </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Marzatico 1997<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>453). Like many of its kind, the bronze axe bears marks, but these are not Raetic characters; the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">find </ins>has no bearing upon the chronology of Raetic script. The associated grave field of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Stadlhof<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>dates from the Hallstatt to the early La Tène period; the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">inscribed [[index::BZ-11 cist|</ins>fragment of a cist<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>from grave XVIII (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Ghislanzoni 1939<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>514 f.) and the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>BZ-10 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">slab|Pfatten stela]] </ins>from grave A (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Franz 1951<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>130) must therefore be dated to LT A or B. For the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>BZ-12 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">key|bronze key]]</ins>, possibly from the potential bothros near the Leuchtenburg (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Gleirscher et al. 2002<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>261 [no. 198]), no dating is available. The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>BZ-13 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">potsherd|potsherd]] </ins>from the settlement of Laimburg may be younger (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3<sup>rd</sup>–2<sup>nd</sup> century</ins>; <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Schumacher 2004<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>211). Finally, the precise find spot of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::BZ-25 fragment|</ins>fragmentary miniature vessel<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] which surfaced in the </ins>museum is unknown, but the votive situlae belong typologically with the miniature shields and bronze plaque figures, and are, like these, well represented in the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Mechel / Meclo|</ins>Meclo<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>sanctuary.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Four inscribed objects come from Überetsch. The only sporadically excavated site on the Putzer Gschleier west of St. Pauls near Eppan yielded three finds (none from the casa retica), which cannot be dated. The inscribed slab from Maderneid (Eppan) <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with inscript-ion BZ-24 </del>can be dated to the Late Roman Republican period by the style of its decoration (Stefan Demetz p.c.).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The area in the Bozen basin between the Bozen district of Moritzing and Siebeneich in the west is called the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">“sacred corner” </del>(Heiliger Winkel/Sacro angolo) for the numerous find spots (see Tecchiati 2002); unfortunately, it has not so far been systematically <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ex-cavated</del>. Four finds from the Moritzing grave field come not from excavated contexts, but from chance finds in the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">19th c</del>. Two – <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a situla handle with inscription </del>BZ-9 and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a fragment of a bronze vessel with inscription </del>BZ-4 – are from a grave context dated to the second half of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th–first </del>half of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4th c. </del>(Steiner 2002<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>258) ; two cists with marks come from a context dated to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4th–early 3rd c. </del>(ibid., 254). On the dating of the helmet hoard found on the Kosman property (Jenesien<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">; inscriptions BZ-26 to BZ-29) </del>see below. The handle of a cist <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with inscription BZ-5</del>, found during one of the minor excavations on the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Greifen-steiner </del>Hang, can be dated typologically to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th–3rd c. </del>through typology (Lunz 1985<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>145); the handle of a simpulum <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with inscription BZ-3</del>, an old finding from the area of the Großkarnell property, is dated by typology to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th–4rd c</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Four inscribed objects come from Überetsch. The only sporadically excavated site on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Putzer Gschleier<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>west of St. Pauls near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Eppan <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/ Appiano|Eppan]] </ins>yielded three finds (none from the casa retica), which cannot be dated. The inscribed <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::BZ-24 </ins>slab<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|stela]] </ins>from <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Maderneid / Maderneto|</ins>Maderneid<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Eppan / Appiano|</ins>Eppan<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>) can be dated to the Late Roman Republican period by the style of its decoration (Stefan Demetz p.c.).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Further up the Adige valley, the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">bronze axe with inscription </del>BZ-2, a stray find from the vicinity of the church St. Christoph near Tisens, is dated typologically to the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5th c. </del>(Zemmer-Plank et al. 1985<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>165 [no. 34]). The three potsherds with marks from the settle-ment of St. Hippolyt near Tisens and the iron sickle from the hilltop <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">can not </del>be securely dated, but the ceramics partly bear resemblance to material from the nearby sanctuary on the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Hochbichl </del>near Meran, which appears to be no younger than LT A–B (Lunz 1974, 193).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A single <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">antler piece with inscription </del>VN-1 comes from the Tartscher <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Bichl </del>near the place where the Münstertal meets the Adige valley. The major settlement appears to have been most important during the early and middle La Tène period, but must be expected to have been in use until LT C2, when it was essentially replaced by the Ganglegg settlement (Gamper 2006<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>290 f.). The latter site, situated somewhat to the south on the northern flank of the valley, had already been settled in Ha D/LT A, and appears to have been constructed within a rather short time at the end of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2nd c. </del>and abandoned again just as suddenly at the end of LT D (ibid., 254). Among numerous perforated bones and bone needles of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">un-clear </del>(original) function which were found on the floors of houses and apparently <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">deposit-ed </del>there during the ritual abandonment are numerous pieces with marks and some with inscriptions <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(VN-2–19)</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The area in the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Bozen / Bolzano|</ins>Bozen<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>basin between the Bozen district of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Moritzing / San Maurizio|</ins>Moritzing<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Siebeneich / Settequerce|</ins>Siebeneich<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>in the west is called the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"sacred corner" </ins>(Heiliger Winkel / Sacro angolo) for the numerous find spots (see <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Tecchiati 2002<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}</ins>); unfortunately, it has not so far been systematically <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">excavated</ins>. Four finds from the Moritzing grave field come not from excavated contexts, but from chance finds in the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">19<sup>th</sup> century</ins>. Two – <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>BZ-9 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">handle]] </ins>and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>BZ-4 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">fragment]] </ins>– are from a grave context dated to the second half of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup>–first </ins>half of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4<sup>th</sup> century </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Steiner 2002<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>258); two cists with marks come from a context dated to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4<sup>th</sup>–early 3<sup>rd</sup> century </ins>(ibid., 254). On the dating of the helmet hoard found on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Kosman-Gut|</ins>Kosman property<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Jenesien <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/ San Genesio Atesino|Jenesien]] </ins>see below. The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">inscribed [[index::BZ-5 handle|</ins>handle of a cist<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, found during one of the minor excavations on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Greifensteiner </ins>Hang<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, can be dated typologically to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century </ins>through typology (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Lunz 1985<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>145); the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::BZ-3 simpulum|</ins>handle of a simpulum<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, an old finding from the area of the Großkarnell property, is dated by typology to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Further up the Adige valley, the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">inscribed [[index::</ins>BZ-2 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">axe|bronze axe]]</ins>, a stray find from the vicinity of the church <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>St. Christoph<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Tisens <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/ Tesimo|Tisens]]</ins>, is dated typologically to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">5<sup>th</sup> century </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Zemmer-Plank et al. 1985<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>165 [no. 34]). The three potsherds with marks from the settle-ment of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::St. Hippolyt / Sant'Ippolito|</ins>St. Hippolyt<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Tisens / Tesimo|</ins>Tisens<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>and the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::BZ-19 sickle|</ins>iron sickle<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>from the hilltop <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">cannot </ins>be securely dated, but the ceramics partly bear resemblance to material from the nearby sanctuary on the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::Hochbühel]] </ins>near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Meran <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">/ Merano|Meran]]</ins>, which appears to be no younger than LT A–B (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Lunz 1974<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}</ins>, 193).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A single <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">inscribed [[index::</ins>VN-1 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">antler|antler piece]] </ins>comes from the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Tartscher <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Bühel]] </ins>near the place where the Münstertal meets the Adige valley. The major settlement appears to have been most important during the early and middle La Tène period, but must be expected to have been in use until LT C2, when it was essentially replaced by the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[index::</ins>Ganglegg<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]] </ins>settlement (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{bib|</ins>Gamper 2006<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}: </ins>290 f.). The latter site, situated somewhat to the south on the northern flank of the valley, had already been settled in Ha D/LT A, and appears to have been constructed within a rather short time at the end of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2<sup>nd</sup> century </ins>and abandoned again just as suddenly at the end of LT D (ibid., 254). Among numerous perforated bones and bone needles of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">unclear </ins>(original) function which were found on the floors of houses and apparently <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">deposited </ins>there during the ritual abandonment are numerous pieces with marks and some with inscriptions.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== Northern Raetic area ====</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== Northern Raetic area ====</div></td></tr>
</table>Corinna Salomonhttps://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&diff=17443&oldid=prevCorinna Salomon: /* Heiliger Winkel / Sacro angolo */2020-04-07T20:21:43Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Heiliger Winkel / Sacro angolo</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:21, 7 April 2020</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l51">Line 51:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Most of the find places of inscriptions in the Val di Non are situated in the northern part of the valley. The only outlier is the more southerly [[index::Dercolo]], where a hoard find of unclear function ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 222–224, 232 f.) contained the [[index::NO-11 bronze|Horse of Dercolo]]. The hoard was deposited around 400 ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}: 83; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231); considering that the objects deposited in the situla appear to have been comparatively new ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231), the bronze may be dated to the late 5<sup>th</sup> century. Two unassociated Sanzeno bowls ([[index::NO-12 bowl]], [[index::NO-18 bowl]]) are younger (LT C–D; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 224). The single [[index::NO-14 potsherd|Fritzens bowl sherd]], an old finding from somewhere in the Val di Non, dates from the 5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century based on typology.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Most of the find places of inscriptions in the Val di Non are situated in the northern part of the valley. The only outlier is the more southerly [[index::Dercolo]], where a hoard find of unclear function ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 222–224, 232 f.) contained the [[index::NO-11 bronze|Horse of Dercolo]]. The hoard was deposited around 400 ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}: 83; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231); considering that the objects deposited in the situla appear to have been comparatively new ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231), the bronze may be dated to the late 5<sup>th</sup> century. Two unassociated Sanzeno bowls ([[index::NO-12 bowl]], [[index::NO-18 bowl]]) are younger (LT C–D; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 224). The single [[index::NO-14 potsherd|Fritzens bowl sherd]], an old finding from somewhere in the Val di Non, dates from the 5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century based on typology.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== Heiliger Winkel / Sacro angolo ====</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==== Heiliger Winkel / Sacro angolo <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and Upper Adige valley </ins>====</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The valley of the Adige between Salurn and Meran and the immediately adjoining mountainous areas have yielded a fair number of inscribed objects. While many finds come from well researched archaeological contexts, no homogenous group finds of inscriptions like the Sanzeno bronzes have so far been made in the area. The oldest settlement complex in the area was situated on the east side of the Mitterberg, facing the Adige, southeast of modern Pfatten in the Unterland. It yielded the oldest object in the corpus, a bronze Hallstatt-age axe from a hoard found above the grave field (Lunz 1974, 211 f.), dated to the 7th or early 6th c. (Marzatico 1997, 453). Like many of its kind, the bronze axe bears marks, but these are not Raetic characters; the testimony of BZ-17 has no bearing upon the chronology of Raetic script. The associated grave field of Stadlhof dates from the Hallstatt to the early La Tène period; the fragment of a cist with inscription BZ-11 from grave XVIII (Ghislanzoni 1939, 514 f.) and the slab with inscription BZ-10.1 from grave A (Franz 1951, 130) must therefore be dated to LT A or B. For the bronze key with inscription BZ-12, possibly from the potential bothros near the Leuchtenburg (Gleirscher et al. 2002, 261 [no. 198]), no dating is available. The potsherd with inscription BZ-13 from the settlement of Laimburg may be younger (3rd–2nd c.; Schumacher 2004, 211). Finally, the precise find spot of the fragmentary miniature vessel with inscription BZ-25, a museum find, is unknown, but the votive situlae belong typologically with the miniature shields and bronze plaque figures, and are, like these, well represented in the Meclo sanctuary.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The valley of the Adige between Salurn and Meran and the immediately adjoining mountainous areas have yielded a fair number of inscribed objects. While many finds come from well researched archaeological contexts, no homogenous group finds of inscriptions like the Sanzeno bronzes have so far been made in the area. The oldest settlement complex in the area was situated on the east side of the Mitterberg, facing the Adige, southeast of modern Pfatten in the Unterland. It yielded the oldest object in the corpus, a bronze Hallstatt-age axe from a hoard found above the grave field (Lunz 1974, 211 f.), dated to the 7th or early 6th c. (Marzatico 1997, 453). Like many of its kind, the bronze axe bears marks, but these are not Raetic characters; the testimony of BZ-17 has no bearing upon the chronology of Raetic script. The associated grave field of Stadlhof dates from the Hallstatt to the early La Tène period; the fragment of a cist with inscription BZ-11 from grave XVIII (Ghislanzoni 1939, 514 f.) and the slab with inscription BZ-10.1 from grave A (Franz 1951, 130) must therefore be dated to LT A or B. For the bronze key with inscription BZ-12, possibly from the potential bothros near the Leuchtenburg (Gleirscher et al. 2002, 261 [no. 198]), no dating is available. The potsherd with inscription BZ-13 from the settlement of Laimburg may be younger (3rd–2nd c.; Schumacher 2004, 211). Finally, the precise find spot of the fragmentary miniature vessel with inscription BZ-25, a museum find, is unknown, but the votive situlae belong typologically with the miniature shields and bronze plaque figures, and are, like these, well represented in the Meclo sanctuary.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Four inscribed objects come from Überetsch. The only sporadically excavated site on the Putzer Gschleier west of St. Pauls near Eppan yielded three finds (none from the casa retica), which cannot be dated. The inscribed slab from Maderneid (Eppan) with inscript-ion BZ-24 can be dated to the Late Roman Republican period by the style of its decoration (Stefan Demetz p.c.).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Four inscribed objects come from Überetsch. The only sporadically excavated site on the Putzer Gschleier west of St. Pauls near Eppan yielded three finds (none from the casa retica), which cannot be dated. The inscribed slab from Maderneid (Eppan) with inscript-ion BZ-24 can be dated to the Late Roman Republican period by the style of its decoration (Stefan Demetz p.c.).</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Further up the Adige valley, the bronze axe with inscription BZ-2, a stray find from the vicinity of the church St. Christoph near Tisens, is dated typologically to the 5th c. (Zemmer-Plank et al. 1985, 165 [no. 34]). The three potsherds with marks from the settle-ment of St. Hippolyt near Tisens and the iron sickle from the hilltop can not be securely dated, but the ceramics partly bear resemblance to material from the nearby sanctuary on the Hochbichl near Meran, which appears to be no younger than LT A–B (Lunz 1974, 193).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Further up the Adige valley, the bronze axe with inscription BZ-2, a stray find from the vicinity of the church St. Christoph near Tisens, is dated typologically to the 5th c. (Zemmer-Plank et al. 1985, 165 [no. 34]). The three potsherds with marks from the settle-ment of St. Hippolyt near Tisens and the iron sickle from the hilltop can not be securely dated, but the ceramics partly bear resemblance to material from the nearby sanctuary on the Hochbichl near Meran, which appears to be no younger than LT A–B (Lunz 1974, 193).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A single antler piece with inscription VN-1 comes from the Tartscher Bichl near the place where the Münstertal meets the Adige valley. The major settlement appears to have been most important during the early and middle La Tène period, but must be expected to have been in use until LT C2, when it was essentially replaced by the Ganglegg settlement (Gamper 2006, 290 f.). The latter site, situated somewhat to the south on the northern flank of the valley, had already been settled in Ha D/LT A, and appears to have been constructed within a rather short time at the end of the 2nd c. and abandoned again just as suddenly at the end of LT D (ibid., 254). Among numerous perforated bones and bone needles of un-clear (original) function which were found on the floors of houses and apparently deposit-ed there during the ritual abandonment are numerous pieces with marks and some with inscriptions (VN-2–19).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A single antler piece with inscription VN-1 comes from the Tartscher Bichl near the place where the Münstertal meets the Adige valley. The major settlement appears to have been most important during the early and middle La Tène period, but must be expected to have been in use until LT C2, when it was essentially replaced by the Ganglegg settlement (Gamper 2006, 290 f.). The latter site, situated somewhat to the south on the northern flank of the valley, had already been settled in Ha D/LT A, and appears to have been constructed within a rather short time at the end of the 2nd c. and abandoned again just as suddenly at the end of LT D (ibid., 254). Among numerous perforated bones and bone needles of un-clear (original) function which were found on the floors of houses and apparently deposit-ed there during the ritual abandonment are numerous pieces with marks and some with inscriptions (VN-2–19).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==== Northern Raetic area ====</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>No inscription finds come from the Münstertal, and only one from the Engadin: the potsherd with inscription EN-1 from Suotchastè near Ardez is dated to LT A–B through context and typology (Caduff 2007, 16). The ceramics from the sanctuary on the Pillerhöhe near Fliess, of which three pieces bear inscriptions or script-like marks (IT-8–10), date to the early La Tène period (Tschurtschenthaler & Wein 1998, 247). To my knowledge, no datings are available for the settlement on the Hörtenberg near Pfaffenhofen. The Demlfeld sanctuary, part of a larger complex around Ampass, was in use throughout the younger Iron Age, but no precise dating is known for the bronze plaque with inscription IT-5. The settlement on the Himmelreich near Volders in the Inntal yields a great number of pot-sherds bearing marks (including IT-2) which are dated to the middle and late La Tène period (Gamper 2006, 265 f.). The carved antler with inscription IT-4 comes from house 2 of the Pirchboden settlement near Fritzens; the house was destroyed by fire in the late Iron Age, possibly in the course of the Roman Alpine campaign (Tomedi 2001, 32).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>No inscription finds come from the Münstertal, and only one from the Engadin: the potsherd with inscription EN-1 from Suotchastè near Ardez is dated to LT A–B through context and typology (Caduff 2007, 16). The ceramics from the sanctuary on the Pillerhöhe near Fliess, of which three pieces bear inscriptions or script-like marks (IT-8–10), date to the early La Tène period (Tschurtschenthaler & Wein 1998, 247). To my knowledge, no datings are available for the settlement on the Hörtenberg near Pfaffenhofen. The Demlfeld sanctuary, part of a larger complex around Ampass, was in use throughout the younger Iron Age, but no precise dating is known for the bronze plaque with inscription IT-5. The settlement on the Himmelreich near Volders in the Inntal yields a great number of pot-sherds bearing marks (including IT-2) which are dated to the middle and late La Tène period (Gamper 2006, 265 f.). The carved antler with inscription IT-4 comes from house 2 of the Pirchboden settlement near Fritzens; the house was destroyed by fire in the late Iron Age, possibly in the course of the Roman Alpine campaign (Tomedi 2001, 32).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A stray old finding in the form of a bronze handle with inscription WE-1 comes from Matrei am Brenner – being the handle of a situla, the object can be dated to the the early La Tène period. The ceramics from the settlement on the Kronbichl near Sterzing, which yielded a potsherd with marks (WE-2), is dated to the early Iron Age by Lunz 1974, 167, but Gamper 2006, 316 also mentions a middle and late La Tène period find group. From the large settlement of Stufels near Brixen come an isolated and undated antler piece with inscription WE-3 and a potsherd with inscription WE-4; the latter is dated to the 4th c. through both context and typology (Tecchiati et al. 2011, 50). No secure datings are avail-able for the potsherds from the Melaun grave field (marks WE-5–8) and the burnt-offer-ings site on the Rungger Egg (marks SI-1 and 2), and for the finds from the settlement on the Piperbühel (inscriptions RN-1–3).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A stray old finding in the form of a bronze handle with inscription WE-1 comes from Matrei am Brenner – being the handle of a situla, the object can be dated to the the early La Tène period. The ceramics from the settlement on the Kronbichl near Sterzing, which yielded a potsherd with marks (WE-2), is dated to the early Iron Age by Lunz 1974, 167, but Gamper 2006, 316 also mentions a middle and late La Tène period find group. From the large settlement of Stufels near Brixen come an isolated and undated antler piece with inscription WE-3 and a potsherd with inscription WE-4; the latter is dated to the 4th c. through both context and typology (Tecchiati et al. 2011, 50). No secure datings are avail-able for the potsherds from the Melaun grave field (marks WE-5–8) and the burnt-offer-ings site on the Rungger Egg (marks SI-1 and 2), and for the finds from the settlement on the Piperbühel (inscriptions RN-1–3).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>No other inscriptions are known from the Burgkofel, but there are finds from the immediate vicinity of St. Lorenzen. The settlement on the Steger hill, whence come three bones (inscriptions PU-5–7) and three potsherds (inscriptions PU-8–10), is dated princip-ally to the 5th–4th c. by Constantini 2002, 41, though individual finds may be younger. The settlement on the Sonnenburger Weinleite, which yielded a stone plaque with inscription PU-4 and a loom weight with marks, is dated to the 5th–3rd c. (ibid., 48); another loom weight comes from the Puenland settlement, dated to the 5th–4th c. (ibid., 22). </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>No other inscriptions are known from the Burgkofel, but there are finds from the immediate vicinity of St. Lorenzen. The settlement on the Steger hill, whence come three bones (inscriptions PU-5–7) and three potsherds (inscriptions PU-8–10), is dated princip-ally to the 5th–4th c. by Constantini 2002, 41, though individual finds may be younger. The settlement on the Sonnenburger Weinleite, which yielded a stone plaque with inscription PU-4 and a loom weight with marks, is dated to the 5th–3rd c. (ibid., 48); another loom weight comes from the Puenland settlement, dated to the 5th–4th c. (ibid., 22). </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">==== Southern Raetic area ====</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The find complex of the settlement near Tesero in the Val di Fiemme is dated mainly to the early La Tène period (Marzatico 2001, 498), but younger finds make a later dating for the antler handle possible (Gamper 2006, 329) – Dal Rì 1987, 176 suggests the 4th–3rd c. The Situla Giovanelli (CE-1), an isolated find from Caslir – arguably a burnt-offerings site – in the Val di Cembra, is dated to the 4th c. (Marzatico 2001, 512; Oberosler 2004, 646).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The find complex of the settlement near Tesero in the Val di Fiemme is dated mainly to the early La Tène period (Marzatico 2001, 498), but younger finds make a later dating for the antler handle possible (Gamper 2006, 329) – Dal Rì 1987, 176 suggests the 4th–3rd c. The Situla Giovanelli (CE-1), an isolated find from Caslir – arguably a burnt-offerings site – in the Val di Cembra, is dated to the 4th c. (Marzatico 2001, 512; Oberosler 2004, 646).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>From the meeting point of Valsugana and Valle dei Mòcheni come twelve pieces of antler (inscriptions SR-1–10, 12 and 13) and three other objects bearing marks, found scattered in house 2 of the settlement on the Montesei di Serso (Perini 1965, 35 [fig. 2]). The excavation report (Perini 1965) lists eight of the ten antler pieces as found in the two older layers C"' and C" in the north-western corner of house 2, while two more (unidenti-fied, I believe) were found in the eastern part in the layer C' (58). According to Marzatico 2001, 505, the settlement dates to the 5th–4th c., with only house 3 yielding younger finds (3rd–2nd c.). Thus, the dating given by Gleirscher apud Schumacher 2004, 247 (5th–4th c.) is to be preferred to that of Dal Rì 1987, 176, who, for reasons not evident, gives the 3rd c. for the antler pieces (but cf. Gamper 2006, 332). De Marinis 1988, 121 gives the 5th c.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>From the meeting point of Valsugana and Valle dei Mòcheni come twelve pieces of antler (inscriptions SR-1–10, 12 and 13) and three other objects bearing marks, found scattered in house 2 of the settlement on the Montesei di Serso (Perini 1965, 35 [fig. 2]). The excavation report (Perini 1965) lists eight of the ten antler pieces as found in the two older layers C"' and C" in the north-western corner of house 2, while two more (unidenti-fied, I believe) were found in the eastern part in the layer C' (58). According to Marzatico 2001, 505, the settlement dates to the 5th–4th c., with only house 3 yielding younger finds (3rd–2nd c.). Thus, the dating given by Gleirscher apud Schumacher 2004, 247 (5th–4th c.) is to be preferred to that of Dal Rì 1987, 176, who, for reasons not evident, gives the 3rd c. for the antler pieces (but cf. Gamper 2006, 332). De Marinis 1988, 121 gives the 5th c.</div></td></tr>
</table>Corinna Salomonhttps://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&diff=17442&oldid=prevCorinna Salomon: /* Val di Non */2020-04-07T19:37:12Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Val di Non</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 20:37, 7 April 2020</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l45">Line 45:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The material from Sanzeno is difficult to interpret and date. Of the seven find spots, only the northernmost, Casalini, has demonstrably yielded inscribed objects, most importantly the bronzes, which were found by chance in a sand pit in the late 1940s. While the other find spots, dated to Retico A, testify to a large settlement (for an overview see {{bib|Gamper 2006}}: 334–337 and {{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 496–501), the function of the excavated buildings (case retiche) at Casalini, dated to Retico B–C (LT A–B), is unclear – they are arranged in neat lines, sharing walls, as if planned out ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 496). A projected settlement is a possibility, even though a settlement clearly lay just to the south: the Casalini site may have been a replacement. One may also consider an emporion with rows of studios and shops (in light of the numerours iron finds) or, like {{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 251 (no. 155), a temple district with treasuries (regarding the votive objects). {{bib|Nothdurfter 2002}}: 1136 thinks of cult buildings with bothroi in the basement and space for attaching votive gifts to the walls on the upper storey, together with administrative buildings and workshops which produced the votives. See also {{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 494 f. on the question of indoor sanctuaries. The large number of finds, many of them old findings without a precise context, is yet to be systematically reviewed in its entirety.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The material from Sanzeno is difficult to interpret and date. Of the seven find spots, only the northernmost, Casalini, has demonstrably yielded inscribed objects, most importantly the bronzes, which were found by chance in a sand pit in the late 1940s. While the other find spots, dated to Retico A, testify to a large settlement (for an overview see {{bib|Gamper 2006}}: 334–337 and {{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 496–501), the function of the excavated buildings (case retiche) at Casalini, dated to Retico B–C (LT A–B), is unclear – they are arranged in neat lines, sharing walls, as if planned out ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 496). A projected settlement is a possibility, even though a settlement clearly lay just to the south: the Casalini site may have been a replacement. One may also consider an emporion with rows of studios and shops (in light of the numerours iron finds) or, like {{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 251 (no. 155), a temple district with treasuries (regarding the votive objects). {{bib|Nothdurfter 2002}}: 1136 thinks of cult buildings with bothroi in the basement and space for attaching votive gifts to the walls on the upper storey, together with administrative buildings and workshops which produced the votives. See also {{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 494 f. on the question of indoor sanctuaries. The large number of finds, many of them old findings without a precise context, is yet to be systematically reviewed in its entirety.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The oldest inscribed object from Sanzeno which can be dated independently of its context is the [[index::SZ-16 statuette|Sanzeno warrior]], dated typologically to the second half of the 5<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Walde<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">-</del>Psenner 1983}}: 108 [no. 85]). The half-plastic votive bronzes, which are typical for the Raetic area and therefore difficult to date through comparison with models from the south ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 207), are still likely to belong in the context of Etruscan-style bronze votives and to be from the same time or not much younger. {{bib|Gempeler 1976}}: 51 f. argues for the 4<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century (specifically for the horse bronzes [[index::SZ-9 bronze]] and [[index::SZ-14 bronze]], and [[index::HU-5 bronze]] and [[index::HU-6 bronze]]) with regard to Venetic and Etruscan influences (also {{bib|Dal Rì 1987}}: 174 f. [no. 722 and 723] and {{bib|De Marinis 1988}}: 122). Gleirscher apud {{bib|Schumacher 2004}}: 247 (and impicitly in {{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 207) gives the 5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century. He points to the fact that that the [[index::SZ-14 bronze|Cavaliere di Sanzeno]] features a rider who wears a Negau helmet and to the similarity of [[index::SZ-3 bronze]] with the more securely datable [[index::NO-11 bronze|Horse of Dercolo]]. The bronze objects [[index::SZ-87 rod]] and [[index::SZ-96 rod]] can also be compared with pieces included in the [[index::Dercolo]] hoard. Following the common dating of situlae, the situlae [[index::SZ-30 situla]] and [[index::SZ-82 cist]] and situla handles [[index::SZ-17 handle]], [[index::SZ-19 handle]] and [[index::SZ-31 simpulum]] can be dated typologically to the 5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century. The iron [[index::SZ-73|helmet]] from Sanzeno is datable to LT A/B1 through typology ({{bib|Nothdurfter 1992}}: 56). {{bib|Nothdurfter 1979}}: 97–103 dates most of the iron material with marks to between the 5<sup>th</sup> and the end of the 2<sup>nd</sup> century, the phase which is thought to be the time in which the settlement flourished. The bulk of the pottery appears to belong in the later phase, the prominent Sanzeno bowls being dated to the 3<sup>rd</sup>–2<sup>nd</sup> century ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 511, but see {{bib|Gamper 2006}}: 13–17 on the issues of bowl chronology). The youngest inscribed object from Sanzeno is a Roman Imperial Age [[index::SZ-68|iron knife]] ({{bib|Nothdurfter 1979}}, Beilage 2).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The oldest inscribed object from Sanzeno which can be dated independently of its context is the [[index::SZ-16 statuette|Sanzeno warrior]], dated typologically to the second half of the 5<sup>th</sup> century ({{bib|Walde Psenner 1983}}: 108 [no. 85]). The half-plastic votive bronzes, which are typical for the Raetic area and therefore difficult to date through comparison with models from the south ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 207), are still likely to belong in the context of Etruscan-style bronze votives and to be from the same time or not much younger. {{bib|Gempeler 1976}}: 51 f. argues for the 4<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century (specifically for the horse bronzes [[index::SZ-9 bronze]] and [[index::SZ-14 bronze]], and [[index::HU-5 bronze]] and [[index::HU-6 bronze]]) with regard to Venetic and Etruscan influences (also {{bib|Dal Rì 1987}}: 174 f. [no. 722 and 723] and {{bib|De Marinis 1988}}: 122). Gleirscher apud {{bib|Schumacher 2004}}: 247 (and impicitly in {{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 207) gives the 5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century. He points to the fact that that the [[index::SZ-14 bronze|Cavaliere di Sanzeno]] features a rider who wears a Negau helmet and to the similarity of [[index::SZ-3 bronze]] with the more securely datable [[index::NO-11 bronze|Horse of Dercolo]]. The bronze objects [[index::SZ-87 rod]] and [[index::SZ-96 rod]] can also be compared with pieces included in the [[index::Dercolo]] hoard. Following the common dating of situlae, the situlae [[index::SZ-30 situla]] and [[index::SZ-82 cist]] and situla handles [[index::SZ-17 handle]], [[index::SZ-19 handle]] and [[index::SZ-31 simpulum]] can be dated typologically to the 5<sup>th</sup>–4<sup>th</sup> century. The iron [[index::SZ-73|helmet]] from Sanzeno is datable to LT A/B1 through typology ({{bib|Nothdurfter 1992}}: 56). {{bib|Nothdurfter 1979}}: 97–103 dates most of the iron material with marks to between the 5<sup>th</sup> and the end of the 2<sup>nd</sup> century, the phase which is thought to be the time in which the settlement flourished. The bulk of the pottery appears to belong in the later phase, the prominent Sanzeno bowls being dated to the 3<sup>rd</sup>–2<sup>nd</sup> century ({{bib|Marzatico 2001}}: 511, but see {{bib|Gamper 2006}}: 13–17 on the issues of bowl chronology). The youngest inscribed object from Sanzeno is a Roman Imperial Age [[index::SZ-68|iron knife]] ({{bib|Nothdurfter 1979}}, Beilage 2).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The major sanctuary of [[index::Valemporga]] ([[index::Meclo]]) was in use from the Late Bronze to the Late Roman Imperial Age, with a bulk of finds from Retico A demonstrating an increased frequency in the early La Tène period. The stratigraphy being destroyed, individual finds can only be dated through typology ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}, 236). The inscribed [[index::NO-3 plaque|miniature shield]] and the [[index::NO-19 plaque|fragment of a bronze-plaque figure]], both from the sanctuary, are the only two inscribed specimens of the typical bronze plaque votives which belong in the context of situla art and are dated to LT A–B1 ({{bib|Tschurtschenthaler & Wein 1998}}: 243; {{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 205 f.; {{bib|Marzatico 2012}}: 320–324), though a later date cannot be excluded ({{bib|Gehring 1976}}: 161). The inscribed [[index::NO-8 fragment|fragment of a situla]] may be assumed to belong in the same time frame. The neighbouring site of the [[index::Campi Neri]] south of [[index::Cles]], also a sanctuary with an even longer duration ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 236 [no. 81]), yielded a number of bronze objects, none of which can be securely dated. The inscribed [[index::NO-15 rod|bronze baton]] can be compared with similar objects from the [[index::Dercolo]] hoard; the [[index::NO-16 bronze|horse bronze]] which was found together with the baton in a pit can only contingently be compared to the Sanzeno bronzes, as it is worked in full-plastic (cf. [[index::SZ-71 statuette]]), yet rather crudely made. The bronze [[index::NO-2 strainer|strainer]] dates to around the birth of Christ (Gleirscher apud {{bib|Schumacher 2004}}: 248). The inscribed [[index::NO-10 slab|slab]] from [[index::Tavòn]], a stray find, cannot be dated.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The major sanctuary of [[index::Valemporga]] ([[index::<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Mechel / Meclo|</ins>Meclo]]) was in use from the Late Bronze to the Late Roman Imperial Age, with a bulk of finds from Retico A demonstrating an increased frequency in the early La Tène period. The stratigraphy being destroyed, individual finds can only be dated through typology ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}, 236). The inscribed [[index::NO-3 plaque|miniature shield]] and the [[index::NO-19 plaque|fragment of a bronze-plaque figure]], both from the sanctuary, are the only two inscribed specimens of the typical bronze plaque votives which belong in the context of situla art and are dated to LT A–B1 ({{bib|Tschurtschenthaler & Wein 1998}}: 243; {{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 205 f.; {{bib|Marzatico 2012}}: 320–324), though a later date cannot be excluded ({{bib|Gehring 1976}}: 161). The inscribed [[index::NO-8 fragment|fragment of a situla]] may be assumed to belong in the same time frame. The neighbouring site of the [[index::Campi Neri]] south of [[index::Cles]], also a sanctuary with an even longer duration ({{bib|Gleirscher et al. 2002}}: 236 [no. 81]), yielded a number of bronze objects, none of which can be securely dated. The inscribed [[index::NO-15 rod|bronze baton]] can be compared with similar objects from the [[index::Dercolo]] hoard; the [[index::NO-16 bronze|horse bronze]] which was found together with the baton in a pit can only contingently be compared to the Sanzeno bronzes, as it is worked in full-plastic (cf. [[index::SZ-71 statuette]]), yet rather crudely made. The bronze [[index::NO-2 strainer|strainer]] dates to around the birth of Christ (Gleirscher apud {{bib|Schumacher 2004}}: 248). The inscribed [[index::NO-10 slab|slab]] from [[index::Tavòn]], a stray find, cannot be dated.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Most of the find places of inscriptions in the Val di Non are situated in the northern part of the valley. The only outlier is the more southerly [[index::Dercolo]], where a hoard find of unclear function ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 222–224, 232 f.) contained the [[index::NO-11 bronze|Horse of Dercolo]]. The hoard was deposited around 400 ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}: 83; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231); considering that the objects deposited in the situla appear to have been comparatively new ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231), the bronze may be dated to the late 5<sup>th</sup> century. Two unassociated Sanzeno bowls ([[index::NO-12 bowl]], [[index::NO-18 bowl]]) are younger (LT C–D; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 224). The single [[index::NO-14 potsherd|Fritzens bowl sherd]], an old finding from somewhere in the Val di Non, dates from the 5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century based on typology.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Most of the find places of inscriptions in the Val di Non are situated in the northern part of the valley. The only outlier is the more southerly [[index::Dercolo]], where a hoard find of unclear function ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 222–224, 232 f.) contained the [[index::NO-11 bronze|Horse of Dercolo]]. The hoard was deposited around 400 ({{bib|Lunz 1974}}: 83; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231); considering that the objects deposited in the situla appear to have been comparatively new ({{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 231), the bronze may be dated to the late 5<sup>th</sup> century. Two unassociated Sanzeno bowls ([[index::NO-12 bowl]], [[index::NO-18 bowl]]) are younger (LT C–D; {{bib|Schindler 1998}}: 224). The single [[index::NO-14 potsherd|Fritzens bowl sherd]], an old finding from somewhere in the Val di Non, dates from the 5<sup>th</sup>–3<sup>rd</sup> century based on typology.</div></td></tr>
</table>Corinna Salomonhttps://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&diff=17441&oldid=prevCorinna Salomon: /* Epigraphic material and dating */2020-04-07T19:35:35Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Epigraphic material and dating</span></span></p>
<a href="https://tir.univie.ac.at/index.php?title=Archaeology_in_the_Raetic_area&diff=17441&oldid=17437">Show changes</a>Corinna Salomon